LEAD - Pb - [plumbum]
Gray with a bluish shade, heavy, very soft, malleable, plastic metal. Low-melting, on air becomes covered by a steady oxidic film. Possesses small reactionary ability. It is passivated in water, hydrochloric acid, the diluted sulfuric acid, the concentrated nitric acid. Doesn't react with hydrate of ammonia. Weak reducer. Transferred to solution by the concentrated sulfuric acid, diluted nitric acid. Is oxidized by oxygen, halogens, chalcogens.
| Molar mass | g/mol | 207.2 |
| Density | g/cm3 | 11.337 |
| Melting point | °C | 327.502 |
| Boiling point | °C | 1745 |
Methods for the preparation of Lead:
Pb(NO3)2 + Zn = Pb↓ + Zn(NO3)2.
Pb(NO3)2 + 2H2O → Electrolysis → Pb↓(on cathode) + O2↑(on anode) + 2HNO3.
PbSO4(damp) + Zn(plate) = Pb↓(sponge) + ZnSO4.
PbCl2 + H2 = Pb + 2HCl (300-350°C).
PbS + H2 = Pb + H2S (400-600°C).
PbS + 2PbO = 3Pb + SO2 (800-900°C).
Сhemical reactions with Lead:
Pb + 3H2SO4(conc.>80%) = Pb(HSO4)2 + SO2↑ + 2H2O (30-50°C).
Pb + 2H2SO4(conc.) = PbSO4↓ + SO2↑ + 2H2O (boiling).
3Pb + 8HNO3(diluted, hot) = 3Pb(NO3)2 + 2NO↑ + 4H2O.
Pb + 2NaOH(conc.) + 2H2O = Na2[Pb(OH)4] + H2↑.
2Pb + O2 = 2PbO (over 600°C).
3Pb + 2O2 = (Pb2IIPbIV)O4 (400-500°C).
Pb + E2 = PbE2 (200-300°C, E = F, Cl, Br, I).
Pb + 2F2 = PbF4 (400-500°C).
Pb + 2HF = PbF2 + H2 (160°C).
Pb + E = PbE (800-1200°C, E = S, Se, Te).
2Pb(powder) + 2H2O + O2 = 2Pb(OH)2↓ (time).
2Pb + H2O + O2 + CO2 = Pb2CO3(OH)2↓ (time).
