کل واکنشهای عنصر باریم
BARIUM - Ba
Properties of Barium:
Alkaline earth metal. Silvery-white, malleable, ductile. In the air is covered with a dark oxide-nitride film. Colors the flame of a gas burner in a yellow-green color. High reactivity. Reacts with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, halogens and other non-metals. Strong reducing agent. Reacts with water, acids, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia.
Molar mass | g/mol | 137.327 |
Density | g/cm3 | 3.60 |
Melting point | °C | 727 |
Boiling point | °C | 1860 |
Methods for the preparation of Barium:
BaH2 = Ba + H2 (over 675°C).
3BaO + Si = BaSiO3 + 2Ba (1200°C),
3BaO + 2Al = 2Ba + (BaAl2)O4 (1100-1200°C).
Сhemical reactions with metal Barium:
Ba + 2H2O = Ba(OH)2 + H2↑ (normal temp.).
Ba + 2HCl(diluted) = BaCl2 + H2↑.
4Ba + 10HNO3(diluted) = 4Ba(NO3)2 + N2O↑ + 5H2O,
4Ba + 10HNO3(highly diluted) = 4Ba(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O.
Ba + H2 = BaH2 (150-300°C).
3Ba + 2O2 = 2BaO + BaO2 (until 500°C, burning on air),
2Ba + O2 = 2BaO (over 800°C).
Ba + E2 = BaE2 (100-150◦ C; E = F, Cl, Br, I).
Ba + S = BaS (150°C).
3Ba + N2 = Ba3N2 (200-460°C, burning on air).
Ba + 2C(graphite) = BaC2 (500°C).
Ba + H2S = BaS+H2 (over 350°C).
6Ba + 2NH3(gas) = Ba3N2 + 3BaH2 (600-650°C).
Ba + 6NH3(liquid) = [Ba(NH3)6](blue) [-40°C, in the atm. of Ar],
Ba + 2NH3(liquid) = Ba(NH2)2 + H2 (catalyst Pt).
2Ba + 3CO2 = 2BaCO3 + C(graphite) [normal temp.].